On May 5, the Mexicans who bravely defeated the French at the Battle of Puebla in 1862 are remembered by Mexicans in the capital city of Puebla, Mexican-Americans, and anyone who enjoys Mexican food. Mexico found itself with considerable debt to France, England, and Spain after gaining its independence from Spain on Sept. 15, 1810. However, true independence was not fully gained for decades.
France, hot on the trail of expanding its empire under Napoleon III, was intent on recouping its money from Mexico. When Mexico defaulted on its loan, the French invaded the Gulf Coast near Veracruz and began a 600-mile march toward Mexico City. The French encountered strong resistance at the Mexican forts of Loreto and Guadalupe. A small, poorly armed, Mexican militia of 4,500 men stopped the French in their path at Puebla. Their victory was a splendid moment for Mexican patriots, helping to unite the nation; thus May 5 is remembered and celebrated. Although the Mexicans won the Battle of Puebla, it took many decades of conflicts before Mexico rid itself of outside forces to become an independent country.
The Battle of Puebla coincided with the beginning of the American Civil War. Hence, the United States was unable to assist its southern neighbor against the French. Cinco de Mayo is not a Mexican holiday but an American Civil War holiday, created spontaneously by Mexicans and Latinos living in California who supported the fragile cause of defending freedom and democracy during the first years of the American Civil War.
Celebrations usually involve food; Cinco de Mayo is no exception. The Mexicans love to cook and eat. In honor of Cinco de Mayo, try the following recipes.